-
UNDER-GRADUATE COURSES
PB 201 : BASIC
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT BREEDING (2+1)
SEM.
I
THEORY
Plant Breeding
as an art and science- a historical resume ;
objectives and importance; allied disciplines
as an aid to crop improvement; concept of
variability, qualitative and quantitative
characters, heritability, genetic advance;
centers of origin of different crops,
evolution and domestication of major field
crops; classification of crops based on their
mode of reproduction, pollination control
methods ; male sterility, self
incompatibility, role of mutations and
polyploidy in plant breeding; apomixis.
Practicals:
Study of the floral structure of : wheat
barley, cotton ,gram , pigeonpea, mustard,
toria , sunflower, groundnut ,sugarcane,
sorghum, rice, maize, cowpea and bajra ;
study of pollen viability; in vitro
pollen germination; data recording
PB 202
BREEDING OF FIELD CROPS
(2+1) SEM . II
THEORY
Principles of
breeding self and cross pollinated crops;
plant introduction, pure line selection and
mass selection; hybridization and its
objectives; handling of hybrids / segregating
populations in self pollinated crops –
pedigree, bulk , back cross and single seed
descent methods; method of breeding cross
pollinated crops- recurrent selection,
composites, synthetics and development of
hybrids; ; breeding of major field crops i.e.
cotton ,wheat, sorghum, rice, maize,
sugarcane, oilseed crops ,pulse crops,
forages, barley and bajra.
Practicals :
Emasculation, selfing and crossing in cotton,
wheat, sorghum, rice, maize, sugarcane,
oilseed crops, bajra, pulse crops, forages and
barley; hybrid seed production in bajra,
sorghum, sunflower, cotton, maize and rice
PB 40 I CROP
IMPROVEMENT (3+1) SEM.I
THEORY
Pollination
behaviour in relation to breeding methods;
sexual and asexual reproduction; specific
breeding objectives of major field crops;
mechanisms promoting autogamy and allogamy;
genetic basis of breeding self- and cross
fertilized crops; seed classification; breeder
seed production; seed certification
regulations; classification of variability
relative importance of different components of
genetic variation in crop improvement; centers
of origin, domestication; different breeding
methods for developing varieties including
composites/synthetics/hybrids of major field
crops; use of general and specific combining
ability in crop improvement; importance of
varietal resistance and breeding for disease
resistance; physiological breeding.
Practical:
Selection of plant progenies in relation to
breeding objectives; identification of
varieties and hybrids of various crops in the
field; practice of emasculation, pollination
and selfing of different crops; prediction of
performance of single and double crosses;
visit to plant breeding laboratories of
neighbouring states.
PB402 SPECIAL
TECHNIQUES IN PLANT BREEDING (2+1) SEM.I
THEORY
Cell division,
gametogenesis and fertilization. Apomixis -
its classification and use; male sterility and
its uses in crop improvement; incompatibility
mechanisms and their role in plant breeding;
role of mutation and polyploidy in plant
breeding; intra- and inter-specific
hybridization; biotechnology and its role in
the improvement of crop species.
Practical:
Use of male sterility and self incompatibility
in hybrids seed production; use of mutagens
and colchicines; in vitro techniques;
methods for producing distant hybrids.
B.
POST-GRADUATE COURSES
PB-50l ADVANCE
PRINCIPLES OF PLANT BREEDING (3+1), SEM.I
THEORY
History of
Plant Breeding (Pre and post Mendelian era),
Objectives of plant breeding,. Characteristics
improved by plant breeding; genetic basis of
breeding self- and cross - pollinated crops
including mating systems and response to
selection - nature of variability, components
of variation, heritability and genetic
advance, genotype-environment interaction,
general and specific combining ability; plant
introduction and role of plant genetic
resourses in plant breeding , pure line
theory; pure line selection and mass selection
methods, line breeding, pedigree, bulk,
backcross, single seed descent and multiline
method; population breeding in self-pollinated
crops (diallel selective mating approach),
breeding methods in cross pollinated crops,
population breeding-mass selection and
ear-to-row methods; S1 and S2 progeny testing,
progeny selection schemes, recurrent
selection schemes for intra and
inter-population improvement and development
of synthetics and composites; hybrid breeding
- genetical and physiological basis of
heterosis and inbreeding, production of
inbreds, breeding approaches for improvement
of inbreds, predicting hybrid performance;
seed production of hybrid and their parent
varieties/inbreds, self incompatibility and
male sterility in crop plants and their
commercial exploitation; breeding methods in
asexually/clonally propagated crops, concept
of plant ideotype and its role in crop
improvement. Plant breeders’ rights and their
protection component and transgressive
breeding.
Practical:
Floral biology in self and cross pollinated
species, selfing and crossing techniques.
Selection methods in segregating populatios
and evaluation of breeding material. Analysis
of variance (ANOVA). Estimation of
heritability and genetic advance, maintenance
of experimental records. Hybrid seed
production using male-sterility in field
crops.
PB-502 / Gen
502 EVOLUTION AND CYTOGENETICS (3+1) SEM.I
THEORY
Role of
genetics and cytogenetics in plant breeding;
patterns of variation in cultivated and wild
species; natural selection and changes in
chromosome and gene frequencies in cultivated
and wild species in response to changing
environment; speciation and isolation
mechanisms; chromosomal changes; alien
additions and substitution lines; polyploidy -
its classification, induction, inheritance and
role in plant improvement; phylogeny and
genome analysis; use of conventional and
modern techniques for genome analysis
(morphological, cytogenetic, genetical,
biochemical and molecular) evolution and
phylogenetic relationship of crop plants viz.,
wheat, rice, maize, sugarcane, brassica,
cotton, pulses, forages etc. and their
related species; role of interspecific and
intergeneric hybridization; barriers to
crossability and methods to overcome it.
Practical:
Cytology of some important crop plants and
their related species including interspecific
hybrids; pollen viability, pollen culture and
photomicrography.
PB-503 BREEDING
FOR QUALITY CHARACTERS
(2+1)
SEM I
THEORY
Quality traits
in field crops-need and prospects for genetic
improvement; genetics of quality traits and
their components, heritability and association
with yield, approaches and achievements in
improvements of quality traits in specific
crops, chemical composition of the grains,
genetics and significance of storage proteins,
evaluation of nutrition, cooking, ecological,
baking and chapatti making properties.
Chemical composition, genetics and evaluation
of nutrition and cooking quality characters
viz., amylase, geletanization temperature, gel
consistency, kernel elongation ratio and
aroma, properties of corn quality, starch
speciality corn, high quality protein,
biochemical and genetical studies of kernel
mutants (opaque 2, floury 2 etc.). breeding
methods for improvement of desired nutritional
factors in major crops like wheat, rice,
maize, bajra, barley, pulses, oilseeds,
cotton, sugarcane and forages.
Practical :
Estimation of quality traits in different
crops.
PB-504
SPECIAL
TECHNIQUES FOR PLANT IMPROVEMENT (2+1)
SEM II
THEORY
Nature and
classification of mutations; mutagens; factors
affecting mutagenesis, role of mutation in
field crops; biotechnology and its application
in crop improvement, cell and tissue culture,
micropropagation, in vitro screening
for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses,
haploids, and double haploids (DH)
production, embryo culture, aneuploids,
embryo rescue, somaclonal variation;
protoplast culture and protoplast fusion,
production of transgenic plants; GMOs,
biosafety issues, transgenic male sterility in
heterosis breeding and hybrid seed production,
molecular marker RFLPs, RAPDs, marker assisted
selection, gene tagging and antisense RNA
technology.
Practical
: Use of physical and chemical mutagens;
scoring of mutagenic efficiency and
effectiveness; cell, tissue culture and
transformation techniques for crop
improvement, analysis of QTLs using enzyme and
DNA patterns; techniques for marker aided
selection for target traits; visit to
distinguished laboratories engaged in
molecular breeding.
PB-505 BREEDING
FOR ABIOTIC AND BIOTIC STRESSES (3+1) SEM.II
THEORY
Importance of
resistance breeding in crop plants; nature and
characteristics of environment stresses - soil
and atmosphere, crop responses to different
environmental stresses; adaptations; range of
variability in germplasm ;parameters of
resistance; inheritance mechanisms; screening
techniques and breeding approaches to evolve
tolerant/resistant genotypes.
Nature and
mechanisms of resistance to diseases and
insect pests; genetic variability in
pathogens; genetics of host-parasite
relationship; vertical and horizontal
resistance; genetic uniformity and disease
resistance; methods of breeding for diseases
and insect pest resistance; multiline and
multigene varieties; deployment of resistant
genes, Shuttle breeding, transgenics in
management of biotic and abiotic stresses, use
of toxins, protease inhibitors, lactins,
chitenases for insect pest management.
Practical
: Visual observation and
evaluation on crop responses to selected
stresses under field conditions; measurement
of quantitative parameters; planning and
designing of screening system; methods of
screening for seed, air and soil borne
diseases; creation of artificial epiphytotic
conditions for important diseases and insect
pests; screening for vertical and horizontal
resistance; recording of data for diseases and
insect pest reaction; Demonstration of gene
for gene concept.
PB-506
BIOMETRICAL APPROACH TO PLANT BREEDING (2+2)
SEM.I
THEORY
Foundations of
biometrical concepts; continuous variation -
its nature and origin; polygene concept;
scales and transformation; components of means
and variance; heritability; prediction of
response; mating designs; combining ability
line x tester and diallel analysis; genotype x
environment interaction and stability; genetic
divergence; genotypic and phenotypic
correlations; prediction of correlated
response; linear and multiple regression;
path-coefficients and discriminant function in
plant selection; augmented design in plant
breeding. Objectives, types and design of
trials. BLUP approach, genetic diversity and
genotype x enivronment interaction in relation
to heterosis
Practical
: Tukey’s test for additivity
estimation of phenotypic and genotypic
correlations; Cavalli’s joint scaling test;
estimation of genetic components of variation
in segregating generations, line x tester and
diallel analysis for combining ability;
multiple regression path-coefficient and
discriminant function; measurement of genotype
x environment interaction and stability;
genetic divergence. Randomised block design
with several observations per cell; analysis
of covariance; progeny row trials; compact
family blocks and augmented designs; balanced
incomplete block designs; groups of
experiments
PB-507 BREEDING
OF MEDICINAL, AROMATIC AND UNDER UTILIZED
PLANTS (2+1)
SEM.II
THEORY
Origin,
phylogenetic relationship, history, genetic
improvement through conventional and
contemporary breeding methods such as
introduction, clonal selection, hybridization,
mutation, polyploidy and heterosis for
important medicinal plants viz., isabgol,
mulhaiti, periwinkle, sarapgandha (Rauvolfia
serpentina), poppy, Dioscorea,
ipecae, cinchona, belladona, senna,
foxglove and ergot, Digitalis, Solanum
spp.; aromatic plants viz., mentha, palmarosa,
lemon grass, citronella grass, vetiver,
geranium, dewana and basil (Ocimum
sp.) jasmine, saffron, lavender, rosemary
patchouli; and under-utilized crops like
fababean, ricebean,, amaranthus, jojoba and
guayule; production, protection technology and
quality aspects of these crops; role of
biotechnology in value addition of above
crops.
Practicals:
Biochemical analysis of medicinal, aromatic
and underutilized plants for quality traits;
management of herbal garden; visit to
important pharmaceutical laboratories.
PB-508
MANAGEMENT OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES (2+0)
SEM.II
THEORY
Historical
perspectives and need for PGR conservation,
taxonomical classification of cultivated
plants, Gene pool: primary, secondary and
tertiary; Centres of origin and diversity;
basic genetic resources and transgenes;
principles, strategies and practices of
exploration, collection, characterization,
evaluation and cataloging of PGR; Plant
quarantine and phytosanitary certification,;
Germplasm introduction and exchange;
principles of in vitro and
cryopreservation (biotechnology in PGR);
Germplasm conservation- in situ, ex situ, and
on-farm; short, medium and long term
conservation strategies for conservation of
orthodox seed and vegetatively propagated
crops; registration of plant genetic
resources; PGR data base management,
description, national and international
mechanism for PGR management, PGR for food and
agriculture (PGRFA), PGR access and benefit
sharing, IPR, PBR, Farmers rights and
privileges, Visit to NBPGR, its outstations,
forest and national parks.
PB-509 International
Agricultural Research & Research Ethics (1+0)
Sem.I
History of
agriculture in brief; global agricultural
research system : need, scope, opportunities;
role in promoting food security, reducing
poverty and protecting the environment.;
National Agricultural Research Systems (NARS)
and Reg. Agril. Research institutions ; The
Consultative Group on International Agril.
Research (CGIAR): International Agril.
Research Centres (IARC), partnership with NARS,
role as a partner in the global agril.,
research system, strengthening capacities at
national and regional levels ; Intellectual
property rights ;IPR: patents and plant
variety protection, trade related IPR,
international public good, farmer’s rights and
agro biodiversity ; research ethics: research
integrity, research safety in laboratories,
welfare of animals used in research, computer
ethics, Standards and problems in research
ethics.
PB-601
ADVANCES IN FIELD CROP BREEDING-CEREALS (3+0)
SEM.I
THEORY
Phylogenetic
relationship, genome status, history and
distribution of wheat, barley, rice, maize and
millets; latest review of literature on
genetics of important qualitative and
quantitative characters in these crops;
breeding methods in use and achievements made
in India and abroad; future breeding strategy
PB-602 ADVANCES
IN FIELD CROP BREEDING - NON-CEREALS (3+0)
SEM.II
THEORY
Phylogenetic
relationship, genome status, history and
distribution of cotton, oilseeds, sugarcane,
pulses and forages; latest review of
literature on genetics of important
qualitative and quantitative characters in
these crops; breeding methods in use and
achievements made in India and abroad; future
breeding strategy
PB-603 ADVANCES
IN BIOMETRICAL APPROACH TO PLANT BREEDING
(2+1)
SEM.II
THEORY
Non-allelic
interactions; linkage and genotype x
environment interactions in relation to
heterosis; maternal inheritance; effective
factors; triple test cross; diallel crosses in
cross-pollinated crops; partial diallel;
triallel and quadriallel; principal component
analysis and its importance in plant breeding;
sequential yield component analysis; recent
developments.
Practical:
Detection of linkage for quantitative
characters, measurement of the sensitivity of
additive and dominance components to
environment; analysis of triple test cross,
diallel cross, partial diallel crosses and
triallel crosses; principal component
analysis.
PB-604 / BMB
604 Biotechnology for crop
improvement (2+1) Sem I (Pre-requisite: PB
504/BMB501) SEM.I
THEORY
Recombinant DNA
technology, transgenes, method of gene
transformations, vector-mediated gene
transfer, physical methods of gene transfer,
production of transgenic plants in various
field crops: cotton, wheat, maize,rice,
soybean, oilseeds, sugarcane etc. GMOs related
issues (risk and bio safety regulations).
Biotechnology applications in male
sterility/hybrid breeding, molecular farming.
Molecular breeding: morphological, biochemical
and DNA-based markers (RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, SSR
etc.), mapping populations (F2s, back crosses,
RILs , NILs and DH). Molecular mapping and
tagging of agronomically important traits.
QTLs analysis in crop plants, Marker-assisted
selection for qualitative and quantitative
traits, Gene pyramiding.
Practical:
Transformation using Agrobacterium
strains, GUS assay in transformed cells /
tissues. DNA isolation, DNA purity and
quantification tests, gel electrophoresis of
proteins and isozymes, PCR-based DNA markers,
gel scoring and data analysis for tagging and
phylogenetic relationship, construction of
genetic linkage maps using computer software.
PB-591 (1+0),
SEM.I&II
SEMINAR
PB 600
Master’s
Research
PB 700
Ph.D. Research